Recently Discovered Dinosaur ‘Mummy’ Is So Well-Preserved It Even Has The Skin And Guts Intact

“We don’t just have a skeleton,” one researcher involved said. “We have a dinosaur as it would have been.”

Nodosaur: highlight of the dino exhibit at the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology in Alberta, Canada. Robert Clark/National Geographic

Scientists are hailing it as the best-preserved dinosaur specimen ever discovered. That’s why you cannot see its bones – they remain covered by intact skin and armor.

Found accidentally by miners in Canada, this fossilized nodosaur is more than 110 million years old, yet patterns are still visible on the skin. According to the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology in Alberta, Canada, which recently unveiled the find, the dinosaur is so well-preserved that instead of a ‘fossil’, we could safely call it a ‘dinosaur mummy.’

The holotype of Borealopelta on display at the Royal Tyrrell Museum in Alberta. Image credit: ケラトプスユウタ

The researchers examining the find were amazed at the level of preservation of the specimen, as its skin, armor, and even some internal organs were still intact, something they had never encountered before.

“You don’t need to use much imagination to reconstruct it; if you just squint your eyes a bit, you could almost believe it was sleeping,” one researcher said.

Previously, only skeletons of nodosaurs had been discovered, which look like this:

Nodosaur bones at Houston Museum of Natural Science at Sugar Land, Fort Bend Co., Texas. Image credit: fossilmike

This dinosaur was built like a tank. The nodosaur was an enormous four-legged herbivore protected by a spiky, plated armor. It weighed approximately 3,000 pounds.

To give you an idea of how intact the mummified nodosaur is: it still weighs 2,500 pounds!

Nodosaur (armoured dinosaur) fossil discovered at the Suncor Mine near Fort McMurray by Government of Alberta

Although how the dinosaur mummy could remain so intact for so long remains somewhat of a mystery, researchers suggest that the nodosaur may have been swept away by a flooded river and carried out to sea, where it eventually sank to the ocean floor.

As millions of years passed, minerals could have settled on the dinosaur’s armor and skin. This might help explain why the creature was preserved in such a lifelike form.

Researchers have named the 5.5 metre (18-foot-long) nodosaur Borealopelta markmitchelli, in honour of Royal Tyrrell Museum technician Mark Mitchell, who spent over 7,000 hours carefully unearthing the fossil from its rocky grave.

Technician Mark Mitchell prepping the Nodosaur. Royal Tyrrell Museum

But how ‘lifelike’ is the specimen really? Well, apparently the preservation was so good that researchers were able to tell the dinosaur’s skin color by using mass spectrometry techniques to detect the actual pigments.

This way they found out that the nodosaur’s coloring was a dark reddish brown on the top of the body – and lighter on the underside. Since this dinosaur was an herbivore, its skin color must have played a role in protecting it from the enormous carnivores present at the time.

And the fact that we’re talking about a massive, heavily-armored dinosaur illustrates just how dangerous those predators must have been…

Robert Clark/National Geographic

The nodosaur was found by an unsuspecting excavator operator that uncovered the historic discovery while digging in an oil sands mine, according to the museum’s news release about the exhibit. 7,000 painstaking reconstruction hours later, the nodosaur was ready to meet the public.

As if the preservation of skin, armor, and guts weren’t impressive enough, the dinosaur mummy is also unique in that it was preserved in three dimensions, with the original shape of the animal retained.

A National Geographic video about the nodosaur, the best-preserved dinosaur ever discovered.

According to one researcher, “it will go down in science history as one of the most beautiful and best preserved dinosaur specimens – the Mona Lisa of dinosaurs.”

Robert Clark/National Geographic

The Mona Lisa of dinosaurs… It is indeed, isn’t it?

Sources: 1, 2, 3, 4

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Written by Tamás Varga

A sociologist and English major by degree, I've worked in the area of civil society & human rights and have been blogging in the fields of travel, nature & science for over 20 years.

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339 Comments

  1. Racism is a problem in the world today. It can be seen in many different ways, but one of the most obvious forms of racism is when people treat each other differently because of their skin color. Racism can be seen in many different places and situations, but it has been around for a very long time. The first recorded example of racism was back in ancient Greece when slaves were treated differently than their owners. Throughout history, there have been many examples where people have discriminated against others based on race or skin color.

    In this day and age, we should all be able to accept people for who they are.

    • Not a great glooded river but the great flood. Nothing else could’ve happened that could accounted for so many fossils and mummy’s of dinosaurs being found, what could’ve killed them all without compromising the landscape burning to ash, and what could have split the earth up so bad? Surely not a meteor, but the Great flood actioned by the I Am that I Am of the Bible.

  2. The article’s use of vernacular language obscures a primary fact that many commenters have not understood: The fossil is 100% rock. There is no flesh or original organic material (other than traces, such as pigments). Fossilization is a process of permineralization and polymerization.

    • Yet the article says: “so well-preserved that instead of a ‘fossil’, we could safely call it a ‘dinosaur mummy.’”

      and:

      “The creature’s skin, armor, and even some of its guts were intact.”

  3. How did this survive in such pristine condition for your supposed timeline of 110 million years ? Explain that one… go ahead, I’ll wait… I don’t want anything I have too take on faith like: “A perfectly preserved DNA sample could THEORETICALLY last about 6.8 million years” Explain to me how thats possible. Even if it could, 6.8 is not 100 million years. Carbon-14 only lasts 10,000 years MAX… This thing has carbon 14 in it. Explain that too.

  4. I hope no one tries toclone this thing. It is a herbivore and won’t eat you and all. But, if it tries to be friendly. Well, (sorry about your spleen Bill) and then there is the whole what if… What if he is as playfull as a puppy when master comes home? Sorry about the wall and everything, but look on the bright side. Your closest is clear now.

  5. I want to look that good at 10 million years old. LOL! These people “scientists”, if they thought twice about what they say before they say it, they would think twice about saying it.

    • Yes evolution is a theory. But Do you know what a scientific theory is?
      Do you have a alternative to the theory of evolution?
      Why it is called a theory is not because it is a guess, evolution is a fact. The precise details are open to revision. However we have countless papers and scientific disciplines to verify it.
      And this is not some anti religious creationist opposed agenda, the most hardcore atheist, the most pro evolution scientist in the world would kill to be able to provide solid evidence that disproves it. They would be famous forever.
      Much like one name is synonymous with evolution today-Darwin, the person who can disprove it, would be famous forever.
      The idea that it’s just a guess-How the intellectually challenged think to interpret “theory”-is so false it is laughable.
      So do we need to change your mind?
      No, the claim is, all the evidence, geologically, biologically, paleontological, radioactive, genetically, etc etc, says the best evidence peer reviewed supports the hypothesis so well, we can call it a working theory.
      No one ever has offered anything that stands up to scrutiny, so if you don’t believe, well plenty idiots have existed before, so you are not alone, but if you have a better idea, put it forth see if the evidence is even able to get far enough to stop people laughing in your face. No one else ever has but by all means try

      • I wasn’t going to reply but what the heck. Micro-evolution has been proven without a shadow of a doubt. That is changes within a species. Macro-evolution has never been proven. It is a theory of science. The “ evidence “ that is missing to prove the theory is called the missing link. That is any hard evidence that species can evolve into other species. That has never been proven. Not even close. The thought of a bird being able to change into a fish or Vice versa is a “theory”. Never even close to proving. If man evolved from a single cell organism and thus evolved into man there would be bones and evidence of that transformation scattered all over the place. But there is not. And also to spread light on the subject it would not stop happening. It would continue to happen. It’s funny nothing has evolved into anything for millions of years. It hasn’t happened and never will. Now if anyone responds to this post I challenge you to do this t in a manner of respect. You are not allowed to call names or s as ct like a child. Thanks

        • That is just showing how much of a science illiterate you are. Fish don’t become birds, that’s ot how it works. It would be nice, if creationists used half the energy they use in writing inane comments into learning what evolution actually talks about. Macroevolution is just a big succession of microevolutions. Young earth creationists had to accept microevolution as real, because it made them look ridiculous not to. But evolution on a larger scale is undeniable, demonstrated by tons of connecting evidence.

      • Phlogestein, ether, newton, were once seen as fact. Those who opposed the theories were laughable. Theories are provisional models of reality not fact. Don’t confuse the map and the territory.

    • Actually some humans have been found covered in limestone under water still with there skin and organs intact and their hundreds of years old, so maybe this Dino was actually covered in limestone for a very long time and and that said limestone preserved it enough so when it was incaved the body naturally stayed the same and fossilised.

    • How did a man supposedly walk on water tell me how the earth is only 4000 years old …tell me how a man died then came back to life ….I’ll take a theroritcal scientific hypothesis over faith any day

    • It is all stone! Minerals replaced all living tissues.usually the flesh and organs decompose before they can become fossilized – that is why this find is so rare. Life has existed on earth over 500 million years- get use to it.

    • Like your statement, the other question is if you took out the evolution theory out of the calculation how old is it, it been proven that most dating methods are inaccurate. Time and time again it has been proven that when it comes to evolution and science it lies. If you do the studies you will find a lot of what in the history books and text book that are told as fact have been proven incorrect yet has not been removed and are still being taught as fact.

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